Hibeate: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL

You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ...

Hibeate 出现这样的错误是因为表中的字段名使用了sql的保留字，不要使用保留字

一、mysql的保留字主要有：

 

ADD	ALL	ALTER
ANALYZE	AND	AS
ASC	ASENSITIVE	BEFORE
BETWEEN	BIGINT	BINARY
BLOB	BOTH	BY
CALL	CASCADE	CASE
CHANGE	CHAR	CHARACTER
CHECK	COLLATE	COLUMN
CONDITION	CONNECTION	CONSTRAINT
CONTINUE	CONVERT	CREATE
CROSS	CURRENT_DATE	CURRENT_TIME
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP	CURRENT_USER	CURSOR
DATABASE	DATABASES	DAY_HOUR
DAY_MICROSECOND	DAY_MINUTE	DAY_SECOND
DEC	DECIMAL	DECLARE
DEFAULT	DELAYED	DELETE
DESC	DESCRIBE	DETERMINISTIC
DISTINCT	DISTINCTROW	DIV
DOUBLE	DROP	DUAL
EACH	ELSE	ELSEIF
ENCLOSED	ESCAPED	EXISTS
EXIT	EXPLAIN	FALSE
FETCH	FLOAT	FLOAT4
FLOAT8	FOR	FORCE
FOREIGN	FROM	FULLTEXT
GOTO	GRANT	GROUP
HAVING	HIGH_PRIORITY	HOUR_MICROSECOND
HOUR_MINUTE	HOUR_SECOND	IF
IGNORE	IN	INDEX
INFILE	INNER	INOUT
INSENSITIVE	INSERT	INT
INT1	INT2	INT3
INT4	INT8	INTEGER
INTERVAL	INTO	IS
ITERATE	JOIN	KEY
KEYS	KILL	LABEL
LEADING	LEAVE	LEFT
LIKE	LIMIT	LINEAR
LINES	LOAD	LOCALTIME
LOCALTIMESTAMP	LOCK	LONG
LONGBLOB	LONGTEXT	LOOP
LOW_PRIORITY	MATCH	MEDIUMBLOB
MEDIUMINT	MEDIUMTEXT	MIDDLEINT
MINUTE_MICROSECOND	MINUTE_SECOND	MOD
MODIFIES	NATURAL	NOT
NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG	NULL	NUMERIC
ON	OPTIMIZE	OPTION
OPTIONALLY	OR	ORDER
OUT	OUTER	OUTFILE
PRECISION	PRIMARY	PROCEDURE
PURGE	RAID0	RANGE
READ	READS	REAL
REFERENCES	REGEXP	RELEASE
RENAME	REPEAT	REPLACE
REQUIRE	RESTRICT	RETURN
REVOKE	RIGHT	RLIKE
SCHEMA	SCHEMAS	SECOND_MICROSECOND
SELECT	SENSITIVE	SEPARATOR
SET	SHOW	SMALLINT
SPATIAL	SPECIFIC	SQL
SQLEXCEPTION	SQLSTATE	SQLWARNING
SQL_BIG_RESULT	SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS	SQL_SMALL_RESULT
SSL	STARTING	STRAIGHT_JOIN
TABLE	TERMINATED	THEN
TINYBLOB	TINYINT	TINYTEXT
TO	TRAILING	TRIGGER
TRUE	UNDO	UNION
UNIQUE	UNLOCK	UNSIGNED
UPDATE	USAGE	USE
USING	UTC_DATE	UTC_TIME
UTC_TIMESTAMP	VALUES	VARBINARY
VARCHAR	VARCHARACTER	VARYING
WHEN	WHERE	WHILE
WITH	WRITE	X509
XOR	YEAR_MONTH	ZEROFILL

 

二、MySQL中字段名和保留字冲突的解决

只需要用撇号(`)把字段名括起来，这样在select、insert、update、delete等语句中都不会出现语法错误
代码如下:
select col from table1;
这句sql没有问题，当把col换成range
代码如下:
select range from table1;
这句sql有问题

 

当字段名与MySQL保留字冲突时，可以用撇号字符“`”（TAB键上面那个，也就是数字1键前面那个键上的）将字段名括起来：
代码如下:
select `range` from table;

三、SQLserver中字段名和保留字冲突的解决

 

 只需要用[]把字段名括起来，这样在select、insert、update、delete等语句中都不会出现语法错误

四、Oracle中字段名和保留字冲突的解决

 

(1)官方文档说明：

Reserved words and keywordsare identifiers that have special meaning in PL/SQL.

You cannot use reserved words as ordinary user-defined identifiers. You can use them as quoted user-defined identifiers, but it is not recommended. For more information, see"QuotedUser-Defined Identifiers".

You can use keywords as ordinary user-defined identifiers,but it is not recommended.

译文：
保留字和keywordsare标识符，在PL / SQL的特殊意义。
不能使用保留字作为普通用户定义标识符。您可以使用它们作为引用的用户定义标识符，但不推荐使用。更多信息，见“quoteduser定义标识符”。
您可以使用关键字作为普通用户定义的标识符，但不推荐使用。

(2)不能直接使用保留字作为用户定义的变量，但加上双引号就使用。

 

 如：

 create  tale int（

  id  varchar(10),

 name varchar(10),

 primary key id);

出现错误，int是关键字

 

 create  table "int"（

  id  varchar(10),

 name varchar(10),

 primary key id);

这样就正确

 

(3)保留字和关键字

 

保留字：

 

Begins with:	Reserved Words
A	ALL, ALTER, AND, ANY, AS, ASC, AT
B	BEGIN, BETWEEN, BY
C	CASE, CHECK, CLUSTERS, CLUSTER, COLAUTH, COLUMNS, COMPRESS, CONNECT, CRASH, CREATE, CURSOR
D	DECLARE, DEFAULT, DESC, DISTINCT, DROP
E	ELSE, END, EXCEPTION, EXCLUSIVE
F	FETCH, FOR, FROM, FUNCTION
G	GOTO, GRANT, GROUP
H	HAVING
I	IDENTIFIED, IF, IN, INDEX, INDEXES, INSERT, INTERSECT, INTO, IS
L	LIKE, LOCK
M	MINUS, MODE
N	NOCOMPRESS, NOT, NOWAIT, NULL
O	OF, ON, OPTION, OR, ORDER, OVERLAPS
P	PROCEDURE, PUBLIC
R	RESOURCE, REVOKE
S	SELECT, SHARE, SIZE, SQL, START, SUBTYPE
T	TABAUTH, TABLE, THEN, TO, TYPE
U	UNION, UNIQUE, UPDATE
V	VALUES, VIEW, VIEWS
W	WHEN, WHERE, WITH

 

关键字：

 

Begins with:	Keywords
A	A, ADD, AGENT, AGGREGATE, ARRAY, ATTRIBUTE, AUTHID, AVG
B	BFILE_BASE, BINARY, BLOB_BASE, BLOCK, BODY, BOTH, BOUND, BULK, BYTE
C	C, CALL, CALLING, CASCADE, CHAR, CHAR_BASE, CHARACTER, CHARSET, CHARSETFORM, CHARSETID, CLOB_BASE, CLOSE, COLLECT, COMMENT, COMMIT, COMMITTED, COMPILED, CONSTANT, CONSTRUCTOR, CONTEXT, CONTINUE, CONVERT, COUNT, CURRENT, CUSTOMDATUM
D	DANGLING, DATA, DATE, DATE_BASE, DAY, DEFINE, DELETE, DETERMINISTIC, DOUBLE, DURATION
E	ELEMENT, ELSIF, EMPTY, ESCAPE, EXCEPT, EXCEPTIONS, EXECUTE, EXISTS, EXIT, EXTERNAL
F	FINAL, FIXED, FLOAT, FORALL, FORCE
G	GENERAL
H	HASH, HEAP, HIDDEN, HOUR
I	IMMEDIATE, INCLUDING, INDICATOR, INDICES, INFINITE, INSTANTIABLE, INT, INTERFACE, INTERVAL, INVALIDATE, ISOLATION
J	Java
L	LANGUAGE, LARGE, LEADING, LENGTH, LEVEL, LIBRARY, LIKE2, LIKE4, LIKEC, LIMIT, LIMITED, LOCAL, LONG, LOOP
M	MAP, MAX, MAXLEN, MEMBER, MERGE, MIN, MINUTE, MOD, MODIFY, MONTH, MULTISET
N	NAME, NAN, NATIONAL, NATIVE, NCHAR, NEW, NOCOPY, NUMBER_BASE
O	OBJECT, OCICOLL, OCIDATE, OCIDATETIME, OCIDURATION, OCIINTERVAL, OCILOBLOCATOR, OCINUMBER, OCIRAW, OCIREF, OCIREFCURSOR, OCIROWID, OCISTRING, OCITYPE, OLD, ONLY, OPAQUE, OPEN, OPERATOR, Oracle, ORADATA, ORGANIZATION, ORLANY, ORLVARY, OTHERS, OUT, OVERRIDING
P	PACKAGE, PARALLEL_ENABLE, PARAMETER, PARAMETERS, PARENT, PARTITION, PASCAL, PIPE, PIPELINED, PRAGMA, PRECISION, PRIOR, PRIVATE
R	RAISE, RANGE, RAW, READ, RECORD, REF, REFERENCE, RELIES_ON, REM, REMAINDER, RENAME, RESULT, RESULT_CACHE, RETURN, RETURNING, REVERSE, ROLLBACK, ROW
S	SAMPLE, SAVE, SAVEPOINT, SB1, SB2, SB4, SECOND, SEGMENT, SELF, SEPARATE, SEQUENCE, SERIALIZABLE, SET, SHORT, SIZE_T, SOME, SPARSE, SQLCODE, SQLDATA, SQLNAME, SQLSTATE, STANDARD, STATIC, STDDEV, STORED, STRING, STRUCT, STYLE, SUBMULTISET, SUBPARTITION, SUBSTITUTABLE, SUM, SYNONYM
T	TDO, THE, TIME, TIMESTAMP, TIMEZONE_ABBR, TIMEZONE_HOUR, TIMEZONE_MINUTE, TIMEZONE_REGION, TRAILING, TRANSACTION, TRANSACTIONAL, TRUSTED
U	UB1, UB2, UB4, UNDER, UNSIGNED, UNTRUSTED, USE, USING
V	VALIST, VALUE, VARIABLE, VARIANCE, VARRAY, VARYING, VOID
W	WHILE, WORK, WRAPPED, WRITE
Y	YEAR
Z	ZONE